Population Projections: The World’s Top Countries by 2100

Marcus Lu
2025-06-16 10:41:00
www.visualcapitalist.com

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Population Projections: The World’s Top Countries by 2100

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Key Takeaways

India’s population will peak sometime in the 2060s, while others will continue to grow steadily all the way to the end of the century.
China’s population is expected to drop off dramatically due to economic trends and the lasting effects of its one-child policy.

By the end of this century, global demographics could look dramatically different than they do today. While some countries will be growing, others will be in the midst of long-term declines.

Using the latest data from the UN’s 2024 World Population Prospects, this infographic visualizes how the world’s most populous countries are expected to change by 2100.

Animated Chart: Population Projections to 2100

This graphic is also animated! Check out the video below to see how these demographic shifts will play out over time.

Data & Discussion

The data we used to create this graphic is listed in the table below. According to these projections, India will be the most populous country in 2100, followed by China, Pakistan, and Nigeria.

Data in millions

Year	India	China	Pakistan	Nigeria	DRC	U.S.	Ethiopia	Indonesia
1950	342.6	539.2	35.5	36.9	12.2	153.1	17.5	68.1
1951	350.0	548.9	36.2	37.6	12.4	155.3	17.8	69.5
1952	357.8	558.6	37.0	38.4	12.7	157.6	18.2	71.1
1953	366.0	571.6	37.8	39.1	12.9	160.0	18.5	72.7
1954	374.2	583.5	38.7	39.8	13.2	162.4	18.9	74.4
1955	383.1	596.8	39.6	40.6	13.5	164.9	19.2	76.3
1956	392.3	610.3	40.6	41.3	13.8	167.5	19.6	78.3
1957	401.7	622.8	41.6	42.1	14.1	170.1	20.0	80.3
1958	410.8	637.9	42.7	42.9	14.4	172.8	20.3	82.5
1959	420.8	650.5	43.9	43.7	14.7	175.6	20.6	84.7
1960	430.8	654.9	45.1	44.6	15.1	178.7	21.1	87.1
1961	441.2	654.7	46.3	45.5	15.5	181.8	21.6	89.5
1962	451.9	656.9	47.5	46.5	15.9	185.1	22.2	92.1
1963	462.6	673.3	48.8	47.5	16.3	188.3	22.8	94.7
1964	473.7	695.8	50.1	48.5	16.7	191.3	23.4	97.4
1965	484.8	713.8	51.5	49.5	17.2	194.3	24.0	100.3
1966	495.5	733.0	52.9	50.6	17.7	197.0	24.6	102.5
1967	506.0	751.8	54.4	51.7	18.2	199.5	25.3	105.1
1968	517.2	770.3	56.0	52.8	18.7	201.9	26.0	107.9
1969	528.2	791.7	57.6	54.0	19.3	204.1	26.7	111.0
1970	539.5	812.6	59.3	55.2	19.9	206.5	27.4	114.1
1971	552.2	834.1	61.0	56.5	20.4	209.1	28.2	117.2
1972	564.0	854.1	62.7	57.9	21.0	211.7	29.0	120.4
1973	577.0	873.3	64.5	59.3	21.5	214.0	29.8	123.7
1974	590.0	891.9	66.4	60.8	22.1	216.0	30.6	126.9
1975	604.1	908.7	68.4	62.5	22.7	218.1	31.3	130.2
1976	618.5	923.5	70.5	64.3	23.3	220.2	32.1	133.5
1977	633.2	937.3	72.7	66.2	23.9	222.2	33.0	136.8
1978	648.4	949.8	75.1	68.3	24.5	224.3	33.4	140.2
1979	663.1	962.5	77.5	70.4	25.5	226.5	34.1	143.7
1980	679.2	976.1	80.5	72.6	26.3	228.7	34.4	147.2
1981	695.5	990.2	84.1	74.9	27.1	231.0	34.5	150.7
1982	711.9	1005.2	87.5	77.2	27.9	233.4	36.1	154.3
1983	728.7	1022.0	90.7	79.5	28.8	235.8	37.3	157.8
1984	746.0	1036.2	93.8	81.3	29.7	238.2	38.2	161.5
1985	763.7	1051.5	96.6	83.7	30.8	240.5	39.3	165.0
1986	781.6	1068.1	99.9	86.1	31.8	242.9	40.4	168.5
1987	799.8	1086.4	103.3	88.4	32.8	245.1	41.7	171.8
1988	818.1	1106.0	106.9	90.8	33.8	247.3	43.3	175.2
1989	836.6	1124.4	110.5	93.3	34.9	249.5	45.0	178.5
1990	855.5	1143.5	114.2	95.8	36.0	251.8	46.7	181.9
1991	874.5	1163.6	118.2	98.4	37.3	254.9	48.5	185.1
1992	893.4	1177.9	122.0	101.0	38.5	258.0	50.9	188.4
1993	912.5	1191.2	125.1	103.7	39.9	261.2	52.8	191.7
1994	931.7	1203.4	128.9	106.5	41.4	264.1	54.6	194.9
1995	950.6	1214.6	132.6	109.4	43.9	266.9	56.6	198.2
1996	970.0	1225.7	136.6	112.3	45.0	269.5	58.5	201.5
1997	989.4	1236.2	140.5	115.2	45.6	272.2	60.4	204.9
1998	1008.9	1246.1	144.5	118.3	46.5	274.8	62.4	208.2
1999	1028.4	1255.6	148.5	121.4	48.1	277.5	64.4	211.5
2000	1048.0	1264.7	152.6	124.7	49.7	280.1	66.4	214.6
2001	1067.8	1274.4	157.1	128.1	51.3	282.9	68.4	217.6
2002	1088.0	1283.0	161.4	131.6	52.9	285.7	70.5	220.6
2003	1107.2	1290.7	165.0	135.3	54.6	288.5	72.7	223.6
2004	1126.4	1298.3	169.2	139.1	56.1	291.3	74.9	226.5
2005	1145.6	1305.9	173.4	143.0	57.9	294.2	77.2	229.3
2006	1163.7	1314.2	177.5	147.0	59.7	297.2	79.5	232.4
2007	1182.0	1321.9	181.9	151.1	61.5	300.3	81.9	235.5
2008	1199.3	1329.7	187.1	155.4	63.4	303.4	84.3	238.6
2009	1216.5	1338.0	191.9	159.8	65.4	306.5	86.8	241.7
2010	1234.5	1347.1	196.9	164.3	67.5	309.5	89.2	244.8
2011	1252.5	1356.0	201.6	169.0	69.7	312.6	91.8	247.9
2012	1270.0	1364.5	205.9	173.8	72.0	315.6	94.5	251.1
2013	1287.4	1374.6	209.4	178.6	74.5	318.6	97.1	254.3
2014	1304.3	1383.4	212.7	183.5	77.1	321.6	99.8	257.4
2015	1320.2	1392.5	215.8	188.3	79.7	324.6	102.5	260.4
2016	1335.8	1399.8	218.8	193.0	82.4	327.6	105.3	263.2
2017	1352.1	1408.3	221.5	197.9	85.6	330.7	108.2	266.0
2018	1367.2	1416.4	225.0	202.6	88.6	333.7	111.2	268.7
2019	1382.1	1421.6	228.8	207.2	91.5	336.4	114.2	271.2
2020	1396.0	1425.4	232.8	211.7	94.4	339.1	117.3	273.7
2021	1409.3	1426.8	237.2	216.3	97.6	339.7	120.5	275.9
2022	1419.1	1426.1	241.7	220.8	100.7	340.6	123.7	277.6
2023	1431.7	1424.3	245.7	225.5	104.1	342.5	127.0	280.0
2024	1444.4	1420.9	249.3	230.3	107.5	344.5	130.4	282.4
2025	1457.4	1417.7	253.2	235.1	111.0	346.4	133.8	284.6
2026	1470.3	1414.5	257.2	240.0	114.6	348.2	137.2	286.8
2027	1483.0	1411.4	261.4	244.9	118.3	349.9	140.6	289.0
2028	1495.4	1408.0	265.7	249.9	122.0	351.6	144.1	291.0
2029	1507.5	1404.3	270.1	254.8	125.8	353.2	147.6	293.0
2030	1519.4	1400.3	274.6	259.9	129.6	354.9	151.1	294.9
2031	1530.9	1396.0	279.2	264.9	133.5	356.4	154.6	296.8
2032	1542.2	1391.5	283.9	269.9	137.4	358.0	158.1	298.6
2033	1553.1	1386.6	288.6	275.0	141.4	359.5	161.7	300.4
2034	1563.6	1381.5	293.4	280.1	145.4	361.0	165.2	302.1
2035	1573.8	1376.2	298.2	285.2	149.5	362.6	168.8	303.8
2036	1583.6	1370.6	303.1	290.2	153.6	364.0	172.3	305.4
2037	1593.0	1364.8	307.9	295.3	157.8	365.4	175.9	306.9
2038	1602.0	1358.8	312.8	300.3	161.9	366.9	179.4	308.4
2039	1610.6	1352.6	317.7	305.3	166.2	368.2	183.0	309.8
2040	1618.7	1346.2	322.5	310.2	170.4	369.6	186.6	311.2
2041	1626.5	1339.5	327.3	315.2	174.8	370.9	190.3	312.4
2042	1633.8	1332.5	332.2	320.0	179.1	372.1	193.9	313.6
2043	1640.7	1325.3	336.9	324.9	183.6	373.3	197.5	314.8
2044	1647.1	1317.9	341.7	329.6	188.0	374.5	201.2	315.8
2045	1653.2	1310.2	346.5	334.3	192.6	375.6	204.8	316.8
2046	1658.9	1302.1	351.2	339.0	197.2	376.6	208.5	317.7
2047	1664.2	1293.6	355.9	343.6	201.8	377.6	212.2	318.5
2048	1669.1	1284.7	360.5	348.1	206.4	378.6	215.9	319.2
2049	1673.6	1275.3	365.1	352.6	211.1	379.5	219.5	319.9
2050	1677.7	1265.5	369.6	357.0	215.9	380.4	223.2	320.5
2051	1681.5	1255.1	374.1	361.4	220.6	381.3	226.8	321.0
2052	1685.0	1244.3	378.6	365.7	225.4	382.1	230.5	321.4
2053	1688.1	1232.9	383.0	369.9	230.2	383.0	234.2	321.7
2054	1690.9	1221.0	387.3	374.1	235.1	383.8	237.8	322.0
2055	1693.3	1208.7	391.6	378.2	239.9	384.5	241.3	322.3
2056	1695.4	1196.0	395.9	382.3	244.8	385.3	244.9	322.4
2057	1697.2	1182.9	400.1	386.3	249.6	386.0	248.5	322.5
2058	1698.7	1169.5	404.3	390.2	254.5	386.8	252.0	322.6
2059	1699.8	1155.9	408.4	394.1	259.4	387.7	255.4	322.6
2060	1700.7	1142.1	412.4	397.9	264.2	388.5	259.0	322.6
2061	1701.2	1128.2	416.4	401.7	269.1	389.3	262.5	322.5
2062	1701.4	1114.2	420.4	405.3	274.0	390.2	265.9	322.4
2063	1701.2	1100.2	424.3	409.0	278.8	391.1	269.3	322.2
2064	1700.7	1086.3	428.1	412.5	283.6	392.0	272.7	322.0
2065	1699.9	1072.5	431.8	416.0	288.4	392.9	276.1	321.8
2066	1698.7	1058.8	435.5	419.4	293.2	393.8	279.3	321.6
2067	1697.2	1045.2	439.1	422.6	297.9	394.8	282.6	321.3
2068	1695.4	1031.7	442.7	425.9	302.7	395.8	285.9	321.0
2069	1693.2	1018.5	446.2	429.0	307.4	396.7	289.1	320.6
2070	1690.6	1005.3	449.6	432.0	312.1	397.7	292.2	320.2
2071	1687.8	992.3	452.9	434.9	316.7	398.7	295.3	319.9
2072	1684.6	979.3	456.1	437.8	321.3	399.7	298.4	319.4
2073	1681.0	966.5	459.2	440.5	325.9	400.6	301.5	319.0
2074	1677.2	953.6	462.3	443.2	330.4	401.5	304.5	318.5
2075	1673.1	940.9	465.2	445.7	334.9	402.4	307.6	318.0
2076	1668.6	928.1	468.1	448.2	339.4	403.4	310.6	317.4
2077	1664.0	915.3	470.9	450.5	343.8	404.3	313.5	316.8
2078	1659.0	902.5	473.6	452.8	348.2	405.1	316.4	316.2
2079	1653.8	889.6	476.1	454.9	352.5	405.9	319.2	315.6
2080	1648.4	876.7	478.5	457.0	356.8	406.7	321.9	314.9
2081	1642.7	863.8	480.9	458.9	361.0	407.5	324.6	314.2
2082	1636.8	850.9	483.2	460.7	365.2	408.3	327.2	313.5
2083	1630.8	838.0	485.5	462.4	369.4	409.0	329.9	312.7
2084	1624.5	825.2	487.6	464.0	373.5	409.8	332.4	311.9
2085	1618.1	812.4	489.6	465.5	377.5	410.5	334.9	311.1
2086	1611.5	799.8	491.5	466.9	381.5	411.2	337.4	310.2
2087	1604.8	787.3	493.4	468.2	385.4	411.9	339.8	309.4
2088	1598.0	775.0	495.1	469.4	389.2	412.6	342.1	308.5
2089	1591.0	762.8	496.8	470.4	393.0	413.4	344.4	307.5
2090	1583.9	750.8	498.4	471.4	396.7	414.1	346.5	306.6
2091	1576.7	739.0	499.9	472.3	400.3	414.8	348.8	305.6
2092	1569.4	727.4	501.4	473.1	403.8	415.6	350.9	304.6
2093	1562.1	715.9	502.9	473.9	407.3	416.3	353.0	303.6
2094	1554.6	704.5	504.2	474.5	410.7	417.0	355.0	302.6
2095	1547.1	693.3	505.5	475.0	414.0	417.8	357.0	301.5
2096	1539.6	682.2	506.7	475.5	417.2	418.5	359.0	300.5
2097	1532.0	671.2	507.8	475.9	420.3	419.1	361.0	299.4
2098	1524.4	660.2	508.8	476.2	423.4	419.8	362.9	298.3
2099	1516.8	649.4	509.7	476.5	426.4	420.4	364.7	297.2
2100	1509.1	638.7	510.6	476.7	429.3	421.0	366.4	296.1

India Population Projections

India recently overtook China to become the world’s most populous country, and it’s projected to continue growing until 2062, peaking at 1.7 billion people.

Birth rates in the country have actually been declining since the 1960s, but are currently at a relatively high 2 births per woman.

China Population Projections

China held the title of the world’s most populous country for many decades, but is now shrinking due to its rapidly aging population and falling fertility rates.

Based on these projections, China’s population will be 639 million in 2100, which is 788 million lower from its 2021 peak.

U.S. Population Projections

The U.S. is currently the world’s third biggest country, but is expected to fall to sixth place by 2100. Unlike many other developed countries, however, the U.S. should keep growing throughout this century.

Most of this growth will be due to immigration, rather than new births, as fertility rates in the U.S. are already below the replacement level.

Learn More on the Voronoi App

If you enjoyed today’s post, check out The World’s Aging Population on Voronoi, the new app from Visual Capitalist.

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